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Tank Heating Eductors (aka Sparger Nozzles) |
| 3 Web Body-Nozzle Provides Maximum Spacing for Superior Suction Flow |
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There are many advantages to using eductors for heating liquids in open vessels. These give the vessel heating eductor a place as a viable option for heating in many types of vessels.
The tank eductor heater provides direct contact of the steam into the liquid. This assures complete transfer of the energy in the steam into the liquid being heated. Other types of heating lose efficiency as the interior of the heat exchanger builds up a scale. With eductors, the velocity of the steam being injected into the vessel also causes the liquid contents of the vessel to be agitated while heating occurs, without the need for other types of mixers in the vessel. This provides for more even heating of the vessel contents. They also permit the steam to be dispersed over more of the liquid volume, resulting in a more homogenous heating than with other methods of injecting steam.
These designs of eductors allow steam to be used from 10 to 140 PSIG for heating. Because of the nature of direct steam injection, heating vessels at atmospheric pressure beyond 140° F should not be attempted. Exceeding this temperature could result in uncondensed steam evolving from the liquid.
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| Tank Eductor (TLA) Features: |
Computer optimized flow paths enable the Jacoby-Tarbox eductor TLA to maintain a high "pick-up ratio" (the ratio of fluid entrained to the motive fluid) while maximizing the hydraulic efficiency (the ratio of hydraulic power at the outlet of the TLA to the hydraulic power at the inlet) to generate an optimum flow field from the greatest flow amplification.
- No moving parts in the sparger nozzle, minimizing maintenance expenses.
- Optimum flow field enables more activity within the tank than competitive units without changing pumps.
- Compact design and ease of mounting keeps the TLA from interfering with other tank equipment.
- "In-tank" mounting eliminates need for costly, complex mounting structures above tanks.
- The TLA can be used in a wide variety of open vessels or closed tanks.
- Eliminates stratification and promotes a homogenous tank with relation to pH, temperature, solids or gas dispersion, and distribution of chemicals.
- Produces a unique agitation not available with other types of mixers, as the TLA can generate a directed flow field within the fluid being mixed including viscous fluids, slurries, and suspensions.
- Easily mixes liquids of differing specific gravities and is excellent for scrubbing applications where a lower specific gravity fluid is driven into the higher one.
- Flow amplification due to high "pick-up ratio" and hydraulic efficiency permits the use of smaller pumps, which translates to reduced costs of mixing or agitation.
- Reduces investment cost because existing transfer pumps can be utilized for more than one purpose.
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| Models for Heating Vessels |
The standard Jerguson/Jacoby-Tarbox models for heating in vessels are the TLA and ULJ. The model TLA is well suited to providing strong tank agitation while heating. Compared with other heaters, the cost per application is small. The model ULJ is designed to provide vigorous circulation of the liquid with low pressure steam inputs.
Sparger Nozzles should be located with the outlet pointed toward the most remote portion of the tank to provide the best agitation possible. |
| Sg = Specific gravity of tank liquid |
| Sh = Specific heat of tank liquid |
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| How to Size Tank Eductors for Heating Vessels |
Information needed to size includes the following: |
| What is the tank liquid? (If it is not water (Sg =1.0, Sh =1.0), contact us.) |
| What temperature rise (AT) is needed? |
| What is the final tank temperature? |
| What is the vessel capacity? |
| Time available to heat the vessel (t)? |
| Steam pressure available? |
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| Step 1 To determine the amount of steam required to heat the liquid in the vessel, multiply the gallons in the vessel to be heated x 8.33 x Sg x Sh x temperature rise ΔT desired, divided by 1100 (BTUs per Lb steam). Lb steam required (Wm) = Gal x 8.33 x Sg x Sh x ΔT/1100 |
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| Step 2 To calculate the flow of steam required per minute, divide the steam flow from Step 1 by the time you need to complete the heating process. Lb steam per minute (Qm)= Wm/minutes (t) |
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| Step 3 If multiple units are going to be used, divide the number from Step 2 by the number of units to be used. |
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| Step 4 Go to the TLA Steam Flow table. Find the amount of steam flow Qm (Lb/Min) at the steam pressure available. This is the steam flow for a 1-1/2" unit. Take the steam flow obtained in Step 3 divided by the steam flow from the Steam Flow table. This will give the Sizing Factor (S.F.) needed to heat the vessel in the time required. |
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| S.F. = Desired Steam Flowrate/ Saturated Steam Flowrate |
| Step 5 Choose the eductor size that has at meets or exceeds the number determined in Step 4 |
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| Example: |
- The liquid in the vessel is Water (Sg =1.0)
- The temperature rise desired is ΔT = 50°F
- The final tank temperature is 120°F
- The vessel holds 550 gallons
- The time to heat it is 20 minutes
- Steam is available at 40 psig
- Use two model TLAs
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| Step 1 Wm = 550 x 8.33 x 1.0 x 50/1100 = 208 Lb of steam required |
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| Step 2 Qm = Lb steam per minute = 208/20 = 10.4 Lb steam per minute |
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| Step 3 Are multiple units going to be used? If so how many? In this case, we will use two eductors. 10.4 Lb steam per minute/2 = 5.2 Lb/min per eductor |
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| Step 4 S.F. = 5.2/13.4 = .39 desired S.F. |
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| Step 5 Choose the model TLA 3/4" with a S.F. of .50 as this is the smallest unit that meets or exceeds the desired S.F. |
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| Calculating Actual Performance |
| Qm per unit = 13.4 x.50 = 6.7 Lb/Min |
| Qm for installation = 6.7 x 2 =13.4 Lb/Min |
| Time to heat tank = 208 Lb (Step 1)/13.4 = 15.5 minutes |
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| If two TLAs (3/4" size) are installed and operated at 40 psig of steam pressure, they will heat the liquid in 15.5 minutes. |
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| TLA |
Steam Flow, Qm (lb/Min) |
1-1/2" Unit |
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10 |
20 |
40 |
60 |
80 |
100 |
120 |
140 |
Steam Flow, Qm (lb/Min) |
6.4 |
8.8 |
13.4 |
18.3 |
22.8 |
27.4 |
31.9 |
36.5 |
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| TLA Heater Performance Chart - Volume of Liquid Heated Per Minute, Qm (GPM) |
| Size |
ΔT* |
10 PSIG |
20 PSIG |
40 PSIG |
60 PSIG |
80 PSIG |
100 PSIG |
120 PSIG |
140 PSIG |
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25 |
8.5 |
11.6 |
17.7 |
24.2 |
30.1 |
36.2 |
42.1 |
48.2 |
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50 |
4.2 |
5.8 |
8.8 |
12.1 |
15.1 |
18.1 |
21.1 |
24.1 |
| 3/8" |
75 |
2.8 |
3.9 |
5.9 |
8.1 |
10.0 |
12.1 |
14.0 |
16.1 |
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100 |
2.1 |
2.9 |
4.4 |
6.0 |
7.5 |
9.0 |
10.5 |
12.0 |
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125 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
3.5 |
4.8 |
6.0 |
7.2 |
8.4 |
9.6 |
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25 |
16.9 |
23.2 |
35.4 |
48.3 |
60.2 |
72.4 |
84.2 |
96.4 |
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50 |
8.5 |
11.6 |
17.7 |
24.2 |
30.1 |
36.2 |
42.1 |
48.2 |
| 3/4" |
75 |
5.6 |
7.7 |
11,8 |
16.1 |
20.1 |
24.1 |
28.1 |
32.1 |
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100 |
4.2 |
5.8 |
8.8 |
12.1 |
15.1 |
18.1 |
21.1 |
24.1 |
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125 |
3.4 |
4.6 |
7.1 |
9.7 |
12.0 |
14.5 |
16.8 |
19.3 |
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25 |
33.8 |
46.5 |
70.8 |
96.7 |
120.4 |
144.7 |
168.5 |
192.8 |
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50 |
16.9 |
23.2 |
35.4 |
48.3 |
60.2 |
72.4 |
84.2 |
96.4 |
| 1-1/2" |
75 |
11.3 |
15.5 |
23.6 |
32.2 |
40.1 |
48.2 |
56.2 |
64.3 |
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100 |
8.5 |
11.6 |
17.7 |
24.2 |
30.1 |
36.2 |
42.1 |
48.2 |
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125 |
6.8 |
9.3 |
14.2 |
19.3 |
24.1 |
28.9 |
33.7 |
38.6 |
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25 |
67.6 |
93.0 |
141.6 |
193.3 |
240.9 |
289.5 |
337.0 |
385.6 |
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50 |
33.8 |
46.5 |
70.8 |
96.7 |
120.4 |
144.7 |
168.5 |
192.8 |
| 2" |
75 |
22.5 |
31.0 |
47.2 |
64.4 |
80.3 |
96.5 |
112.3 |
128.5 |
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100 |
16.9 |
23.2 |
35.4 |
48.3 |
60.2 |
72.4 |
84.2 |
96.4 |
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125 |
13.5 |
18.6 |
28.3 |
38.7 |
48.2 |
57.9 |
67.4 |
77.1 |
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25 |
155.5 |
213.8 |
325.6 |
444.6 |
554.0 |
665.8 |
775.1 |
886.9 |
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50 |
77.8 |
106.9 |
162.8 |
222.3 |
277.0 |
332.9 |
387.5 |
443.4 |
| 3" |
75 |
51.8 |
71.3 |
108.5 |
148.2 |
184.7 |
221.9 |
258.4 |
295.6 |
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100 |
38.9 |
53.5 |
81.4 |
111.2 |
138.5 |
166.4 |
193.8 |
221.7 |
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125 |
31.1 |
42.8 |
65.1 |
88.9 |
110.8 |
133.2 |
155.0 |
177.4 |
| 4" ** |
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Contact Us for Data On Units Over 4" |
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| *ΔT = Temperature Rise |
| ** Figures can be provided upon request. |
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| Tank Eductor Dimensions: |
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| Size |
Dimension A |
Dimension B |
Dimension C |
Dimension D |
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IN |
(mm) |
IN |
(mm) |
IPS |
(mm) |
IN |
(mm) |
| 3/8" |
5.00 |
(127) |
2.50 |
(64) |
3/8 MNPT |
(10) |
.50 |
(12) |
| 3/4" |
7.25 |
(184) |
3.69 |
(94) |
3/4 MNPT |
(20) |
.81 |
(20) |
| 1-1/2" |
10.88 |
(276) |
5.50 |
(140) |
1-1/2 FNPT |
(40) |
1.12 |
(28) |
| 2" |
14.50 |
(368) |
7.69 |
(195) |
2 FNPT |
(50) |
1.62 |
(41) |
| 3" |
22.00 |
(559) |
11.75 |
(298) |
3 FNPT |
(80) |
2.50 |
(63) |
| 4" |
25.00 |
(635) |
12.00 |
(305) |
4 FNPT |
(100) |
3.00 |
(76) |
| 6" |
35.00 |
(889) |
25.00 |
(635) |
6 FNPT |
(150) |
4.50 |
(114) |
| 8" |
Contact Us for Data On Units Over 8 " |
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| Specifications: |
Standard materials TLA's are cast or fabricated in: bronze, 316 stainless and carbon steel. Cast units range from IPS 3/4 to 2. Larger sizes and other materials are fabricated. Consult the factory for details.
Standard body connection for 3/8 and 3/4 units is male NPT and for 1-1/2" through 3", female NPT. Over 4" is flanged. Optional connections include female/male NPT, butt weld, socket weld, VictualicTm, sil-braze, and flanged. |
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| Related Links: |
| Typical Arrangement of Eductors for Tank Agitation & Mixing |
| Download PDF Bulletin for TLA (PDF File 321kb) |
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| Previous Page |